Add university scraper system with backend, frontend, and configs

- Add src/university_scraper module with scraper, analyzer, and CLI
- Add backend FastAPI service with API endpoints and database models
- Add frontend React app with university management pages
- Add configs for Harvard, Manchester, and UCL universities
- Add artifacts with various scraper implementations
- Add Docker compose configuration for deployment
- Update .gitignore to exclude generated files

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/app/database.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""数据库连接和会话管理"""
+
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+
+from .config import settings
+
+# 创建数据库引擎
+engine = create_engine(
+    settings.DATABASE_URL,
+    connect_args={"check_same_thread": False} if "sqlite" in settings.DATABASE_URL else {},
+    echo=settings.DEBUG
+)
+
+# 创建会话工厂
+SessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)
+
+# 声明基类
+Base = declarative_base()
+
+
+def get_db():
+    """获取数据库会话 (依赖注入)"""
+    db = SessionLocal()
+    try:
+        yield db
+    finally:
+        db.close()
+
+
+def init_db():
+    """初始化数据库 (创建所有表)"""
+    from .models import university, script, job, result  # noqa
+    Base.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)